Articles

In this article we focus on the aesthetical views of the writer Shiga Naoya, famous for his laconic and restrained style of short stories, lack of an entertaining plot. This author is recognized as an extraordinary sensualist able to intuitively grasp the beauty of his surroundings. The analysis of Shiga’s aesthetic values on the basis of his essays and fiction enables us to explain the effect of his prose on the Japanese reader. According to Shiga, the main purpose of a true artist is in the immediate, nearly physiological impact on the reader, in creating a rhythm in prose that resembles the life rhythm of its author. These views Shiga attempted to implement in his own work. The understanding of Shiga’s concept of art is necessary for comprehending the attractiveness of his prose and in the attempts of transferring it to the Western reader in translation.

The article is devoted to the analysis of Turkish absurd drama presented in the play of the Turkish absurd «classic» Sabahattin Kudret Aksal. In the frameworks of this theme the comparison between language peculiarities of Turkish and European absurd drama is conducted.

The represented article is devoted to the analysis of the activities and the ideological legacy of the Syrian Islamic scholar Yusuf bin Ismail al-Nabhani (1849–1932) who represented conservative trend in the Islamic thought of the Ottoman Empire. For sheikh al-Nabhani and his followers the modern age was neither associated with modernization nor with Islamic reforms. Al-Nabhani fundamentally rejected such approaches towards Islam, considering the system of Islamic Sciences complete and universal. In this, his views corresponded with the policy of the Ottoman Sultan Abdul-Hamid II. However, al-Nabhani can hardly be considered only as a guide to the governmental course.

The proper noun being the object of linguistic analysis in the Arabic linguistic tradition is examined in the article on the basis of Arab grammarian Ibn Ya’īš’s treatise “Šarḥ al-Mufaṣṣal” (XIII century). The object of analysis in question is relevant to studying logical and semantic (reference), onomasiological (nomination), morphological, derivational and syntactic aspects of Arabic grammatical theory.

The crucial parameter for the semantic field of oscillation is whether the situation meets the human needs and expectations: Hindi has a verb reserved for the oscillation of special devices such as a swing or a cradle; Tomo-kan, on the contrary, lexicalizes the type of oscillation that indicates some disfunctionality of an artifact. Two more parameters are relevant for both languages: whether the Trajector is firm or soft and whether it is animate.

The article investigates a debut novel by Meir Shalev, a famous Israeli prosaist. Proceeding from the discurs-analysis it is proved that the national history concept in Shalev’s “Russian novel” (1988) is based at the post-modernist understanding of the world in which discourses deconstruction of ideological (Zionism) and religion (Judaism) had the determining meaning. The methods of the discursive codes and practices (“double coding principle” and others) play-mode re-coding give rise to the parody-laughing effect in the novel.

The article deals with the key problem of Bantu studies, namely the noun class system in Ndonde. Ndonde is a language that is at risk of falling out of use as its speakers shift to speaking another language. Therefore, language documentation of Ndonde grammar is considered to be important. Based on field research data Ndonde nouns are classified into 18 noun classes. The article is devoted to the analysis of grammar and lexical semantic characteristics of each of these noun classes.

This article, exploring the case of Morocco, investigates demographic, structural, hierarchical, spiritual and ethical background of social importance, attributed to descent from Prophet Muhammad (sharifism) in traditional life of Muslim societies. The author makes distinction between the concepts of ‘sharifs’ and ‘aristocracy’, as well as clarifies the intricacies of maintenance of corporate spirit, cohesion and sociopolitical mobilization of sharif-s in the Muslim Far West. The article also provides explanatory account for sharifian benefits and privileges, historically accepted by Moroccan society and ruling circles.

The article proposes principles of the adequate rhythmic translation of the Arabic poetry into Russian within the accentual-syllabic system of the Russian verse. The theoretic foundation is the interpretation of the system of ‘aruḍ exposed by the author in his publications including the monograph “Classical Arabic Verse. History and Theory of ‘Arud”. The article is intended for specialists in Arabic poetry, students of Arabic and translators.

The paper shortly describes the main periods of the history of Kashmir starting from the times of antiquity and till the beginning of the 21st century. In parallel with this changes in sociolinguistic status of the Kashmiri language are analyzed. The latter was in the past and nowadays still remains the main means of oral communication for the majority of the population of the state, but the field of its functions has turned to be considerably reduced. Urdu declared as the only official language of Jammu and Kashmir, has ousted Kashmiri from practically all the spheres of writing, printing and electronic communication, including administrative activity, management, education and mass media. Thus Kashmiri, being historically the major language of the country, characterized by ancient and rather well developed literary tradition, by now has got transformed into a language of minority which may be qualified as an “endangered” one. In case the contemporary state of things remains preserved also in future, Kashmiri may simply disappear from the linguistic map of Hindustan.

The article is a review of works on the Turkish phonetics and phonology, created since the appearance of Turkic studies in Russia. Author offers the original sequence Turkological literature that demonstrates the common searches and views of many researchers and helps analyze the evolution of their views. This article demonstrates the importance of terminological differences and distinction between “phonetics” and “phonology” in Turkic theoretical linguistics.

This article considers the biography of Hadzhi Zagidullovich Gabidullin, the first head of the Department of History of the Colonial and Dependent Countries of the Historical Faculty of the Moscow State University of M. V. Lomonosov. In the history of oriental studies H. Z. Gabidullin has got popularity as a researcher of Islam and Turcology. His work in co-authorship with A. Arsharuni “Sketches of Panturkism and Panislamism in Russia” even now represents considerable value because a large number of the most interesting archival documents on “Muslim affairs” from funds of the Department of Police of the imperial Ministry of Internal Affairs were published in it for the first time. H. Z. Gabidullin prepared a work on the history of the Young Turks’ revolution and supervised Russian-Turkish scientific communications at the level of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR in the mid-thirties. H. Z. Gabidullin was one of the Soviet “responsible authorities” supervising the development and introduction in Russia of alphabets based on Latin script. In May 1937 he was accused of participation in a counterrevolutionary nationalist organization and helping “Trotskyists” and was soon subjected to repression. In 1957 H. Z. Gabidullin was rehabilitated. However, his name and activity were long consigned to oblivion.